PUBLICATIONS
Life Cycle Assessment
- Raugei M., Sgouridis S., Murphy D., Fthenakis V., et al., Energy Return on Energy Invested (ERoEI) for photovoltaic solar systems in regions of moderate insolation: A comprehensive response, Energy Policy, 102, 377-384, 2017.
- Lecissi E., Raugei M., Fthenakis V., The energy and environmental performance of ground-mounted photovoltaic systems - a timely update, Special Issue on Life Cycle Assessment in Current and Evolving Grids, Energies, 9(8), 622, 2016, available online
- Raugei M., Carbajales-Dale M., Barnhart C, and Fthenakis V., On energy intensities, energy returned on investment, and energy payback times of electricity generating power plants, Energy, 82(15):1088-
- Fthenakis V., Considering the total cost of electricity from sunlight and the alternatives, Proceedings of the IEEE, 103(3), 283-286, 2015.
- Carbajales-Dale M., Raugei M., Fthenakis V., Barnhart, Energy return on investment (EROI) of solar PV: an attempt at reconciliation, Proceedings of the IEEE, 103(7), 995-999, 2015.
- Spanos C., Turney E.D. and Fthenakis V., Life-cycle Analysis of Flow-assisted Nickel Zinc-, Manganese Dioxide-, and Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid Batteries Designed for Demand-charge Reduction, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 43, 478-494, 2015.
- Choi J-K and Fthenakis V., Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Recycling Planning: Macro and Micro Perspectives, Journal for Cleaner Production, 66 (1), pp, 443-449, 2014
- Mann S.A., de Wild-Scholten M.J., Fthenakis V.M., van Sark W. and Sinke W.C., The energy payback time of advanced crystalline silicon PV modules in 2020: A prospective study, Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications 22, 1180-1194, 2014.
- Asdrubali F., Baldassarri C., Fthenakis V., Life Cycle Analysis in the Construction Sector: Guiding the Optimization of Conventional Italian Buildings, Energy and Buildings, 64, 73-89, 2013.
- Fthenakis V.M., and Kim H.C., Life Cycle Assessment of High-Concentration PV systems, Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Application, 21(3), 379-388, 2013
- Kim H., Chab K., Fthenakis V., Sinha P., Hur T., Life Cycle Assessment of Cadmium Telluride Photovoltaic Systems, Solar Energy, in press.
- Fthenakis V., PV Energy ROI Tracks Efficiency Gains, Solar Today, American Solar Energy Society, 26(4), 24-26, 2012.
- Kim H-C, Fthenakis V., Life Cycle Energy and Climate Change Implication of Nanotechnologies: A Critical Review, Journal of Industrial Ecology, in press.
- Anctil and V. Fthenakis V., GHG Emissions and EPBT of PVPS in the NE-US, IEEEPVSC, 2012.
- Fthenakis V., PV Energy ROI Tracks Efficiency Gains, Solar Today, 26(4), 24-26, 2012. www.solartoday.org
- Raugei M., Fullana-i-Palmer P., Fthenakis V., The energy return on energy investment (EROI) of photovoltaics: Methodology and comparisons with fossil fuel life cycles. Energy Policy (2012), published on line doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2012.03.00897.
- Fthenakis V., Betita R., M. Shields, R. Vinje and J. Blunden, Life Cycle Analysis of High-Performance Monocrystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Systems: Energy Payback Times and Net Energy Production Value, 6CV.4.14, 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Frankfurt, GER, Sept. 2012.
- Kim H.C., Fthenakis V., Choi JK, Turney D., Heath G., Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Thin-film Phtovoltaic Electricity Generation: Systematic Review and Harmonization, Journal of Industrial Ecology, Vol. 16 (Supplement1), S110-S120, 2012
- Hsu D., Fthenakis V., Heath G., Kim H.C., G V.Choi JK, Turney D., Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Crystalline Silicone Photovoltaic Electricity Generation: Systematic Review and Harmonization, Journal of Industrial Ecology,Vol. 16 (Supplement1), S122-S135, 2012
- Perez M., Fthenakis V., Kim HC, Pereira A., Facade-Integrated Photovoltaics: Life-Cycle and Performance Assessment Case Study, Progress in Photovoltaics Research and Applications, 20(8), 975-990, 2012.
- V. Fthenakis, H. C. Kim, E. Alsema, M. Held and M. de Wild-Scholten, 2011, Methodology Guidelines on Life Cycle Assessment of Photovoltaic Electricity, 2nd edition, International Energy Agency (IEA) PVPS Task12 Report T12-03:2011.
- V. Fthenakis,, H. C. Kim, R. Frischknecht, M. Rauge, P. Sinha, M. Stucki 2011, Life Cycle Assessment of Photovoltaic Systems, International Energy Agency (IEA) PVPS Task12 Report T12-02:2011.
- Fthenakis V., and Kim H.C., Photovoltaics: Life-cycle analyses, Solar Energy, 85 1609-1628, 2011
- Theis L.T., B. Bakshi, R. Clift, D. Durham, V. Fthenakis, T.Gutowski, J. Isaacs, T. Seager, and M.R. Wiesner (2011). A Life-Cycle Framework for the Investigation of Environmentally Benign Nanoparticles and Products, Physica Status Solidi RRL, 5(9): 312-317, 2011
- Turney D. and Fthenakis V., Environmental Impact from Installation and Operation of Large-Scale Power Plants, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15, 3261-3270, 2011
- Kim H., Cha K., Kim B., Fthenakis V., and Hur T., Life-Cycle Assesment of CdTe Photovoltaic Systems, Proc. EcoDesign 2011, Kyoto, Japan.
- Perez M., Fthenakis V., Kim H.C., Pereira A., (2011): Facade BIPV: The Environmental Life-Cycle Value Proposition. Proc. ASES National Solar Conference, May 17-21, 2011. Raleigh, N.C.
- Fthenakis V., Green T., Blunden J., Krueger L., Large Photovoltaic Power Plants: Wildlife Impacts and Benefits, Proc. 37th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Seattle, WA, June 2011
- Perez M., Fthenakis V., A Life-Cycle Assessment of Facade BIPV in New York, Proc. 37th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Seattle, WA, June 2011; Received "Best Power" award.
- Fthenakis V. Harmonization LCA, Life Cycle Assessment of CIGS Modules with various Mounting Configurations, 4 AV. 3.5.8., Proc. 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Hamburg, Germany, Sept. 2011
- Fthenakis V., Kim H.C., Life Cycle GHG missions of PV Electricity Generation: Harmonization of Published Estimates, 4AV.3.59, Proc. 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Hamburg, Germany, Sept. 2011
- Fthenakis V., Clark D., Mehran M., Phil C., Ridgeway R., Forest H., Cooper D., Maroulis P., Life Cycle Nitrogen Trifluoride Emissions from Photovoltaics, Environmental Science and Technology, 2010. (up to 50 free e-prints for public access)
- Fthenakis V.and Kim H. C., Life Cycle uses of water in U.S. electricity generation, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(7),2039-2048, 2010.
- Fthenakis V. and Kim H.C., Life-Cycle Assesment of Amonix 7700 HCPV Systems, Proceeding 6th Concetrating Photovoltaic Conference, CPV-6, April 2010, Freiberg, GER.
- Raugei M., Fthenakis V., Cadmium flows and emissions from CdTe PV: Future expectations. Energy Policy, 38(9):5223-5238, 2010
- Fthenakis V., Clark D., Moalem M., Chandler P., Ridgeway R., hulbert F., Cooper D., and Maroulis P., Nitrogen Trifluoride Emissions from Photovoltaics: A Life-Cycle Assesment, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2010, 44(22), pp 8750-8757
- Fthenakis V., Wang W and Kim H. C., Life Cycle Inventory Analysis in the Production of Metals used in Photovoltaics, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(3), 493-517, 2009.
- Fthenakis V. and Kim H.C., Land Use and Electricity Generation: A Life-cycle Analysis,
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13(6-7), 649-668, 2009.
- Fthenakis V., Kim H., Gualtero S., and Bounsalsa A., Nanomaterials in PV Manufacture: Some Life Cycle Environment and Health Considerations, Proceedings 34th IEEE PV Specialists Conference, Philadelphia, June 2009
- Fthenakis V., Raugei M., Held M., Kim H.C., Krones J. An update of Energy Payback Times and Greenhouse Gas emissions in the Life Cycle of Photovoltaics, Proceedings 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Hamburg, Germany, 21-25 Sept. 2009
- Fthenakis V., and Kim H.C., Land Use and Electricity Generation: A Life-Cycle Analysis, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review, 13, 1465-1474, 2009
- Fthenakis V.M., Kim H.C. and Alsema E, Emissions from Photovoltaic Life Cycles, Environmental Science and Technology, Feburary. 2008.
- Fthenakis V., Gualtero S., van der Meulen R., Kim H.C., Comparative Life-cycle Analysis of Photovoltaic Based on Nano-materials: A Proposed Framework. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 1041, R01-03, 2008
- Kim H.C., and Fthenakis V. The Fuel Cycles of Electricity Generation: A Comparison of Land Use. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 1041, R01-03, 2008
- Fthenakis V., and Kim H.C., Life Cycle Analysis of two new Concentrator PV Systems, 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Valencia, Spain, 1-4 Sept, 2008
- Fthenakis V. and Kim H.C., Cu(InGa)Se2 Thin-Film Solar Cells: Comparative Life-Cycle Analysis of Buffer Layers 22nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Milan, Italy, 3-7 September 2007.
- deWild-Scholten M., Alsema E., Fthenakis V., Agostinelli G., Dekkers H., Roth K., Kinzig V., Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases in Photovoltaic Module Manufacturing: Potential Emissions and Abatement Strategies, 22nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Milan, Italy, 3-7 September 2007.
- PV Fact Sheet PV Energy Payback Times.
- PV Fact Sheet PV External Costs.
- Fthenakis V.M. and Kim H.C., Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Solar Electric and Nuclear Power: A Life Cycle Study, Energy Policy, 35, 2549-2557, 2007.
- Fthenakis V., and Kim H.C., CdTe Photovoltaics: Life-cycle environmental profile and comparisons, Thin Solid Films, 515, 5961-5963, 2007
- Raugei M., Frankl P., Alsema E., de Wild-Scholten M., Fthenakis V., Kim H.C., Life Cycle Assessment of present and Future Photovoltaic Systems, AIST Symposium, Renewable Energy 2007, Chiba, Japan, October 11, 2007
- de Wild-Scholten M.J., Alsema E., ter Horst E.W., Bachler M. and Fthenakis V.M., A Cost and Environmental Impact Comparison of Grid-Connected Rooftop and Ground-Based PV Systems, 21st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Dresden, Germany, 4-8 September 2006.
- Alsema E., de Wild-Scholten M.J. and Fthenakis V.M., Environmental Impacts of PV Electricity Generation - A Critical Comparison of Energy Supply Options, 21st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Dresden, Germany, 4-8 September 2006.
- Fthenakis V.M. and Alsema E., Photovoltaics Energy Payback Times, Greenhouse Gas Emissions and External Costs: 2004-early 2005 Status, Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 14:275-280, 2006.
- Fthenakis V.M., CdTe Photovoltaics: Life-cycle Environmental Profile, European Material Research Society Meeting (EU-MRS), Symposium O, Invited Paper, Nice, France, May 29-June 2, 2006.
- Mason J., Fthenakis V.M., Hansen T. and Kim C., Energy Pay-Back and Life Cycle CO2 Emissions of the BOS in an Optimized 3.5 MW PV Installation, Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 14, 179-190, 2006.
- Kim H.C. and Fthenakis V.M, Amonix High-Concentrator Photovoltaic system: Life cycle energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions, IEEE 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, Hawaii, May 8-12, 2006.
- Fthenakis V.M., Quantifying the life-cycle environmental profile of photovoltaics and comparisons with other electricity-generation technologies, IEEE 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, Hawaii, May 8-12, 2006.
- Mason J., Fthenakis V., Hansen T. and Kim C. Energy Pay-Back and Life Cycle CO2 Emissions of the BOS in an Optimized 3.5 MW PV Installation, Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications, 14, 179-190, 2006
- Fthenakis V.M. and H.C. Kim, Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas emissions from the Nuclear and Photovoltaic Fuel Cycle, MRS Conference, Nov. 05, Boston, MS, Boston, MS., November 2005.
- Fthenakis V.M. and H.C. Kim, Life Cycle Energy Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Embedded in Electricity Generated by Thin Film CdTe Photovoltaics, MRS Conference, Boston, MS., November 2005.
- Fthenakis V.M. Life Cycle Analysis: Some Science and Energy Policy Issues. Department of Earth & Environmental Engineering, Fall 2005 Seminar Series, September 30, 2005.
- Fthenakis V.M., Alsema E., and M.J. de Wild-Scholten, Life Cycle Assessment of Photovoltaics: Perceptions, Needs, and Challenges, Proceedings 31st IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, ISBN: 0-7803-8708-2, pp 1655-1658, 2005.
- Krishnan, N., and N.J. Themelis, Life cycle environmental impacts of modern landfilling and waste-to-energy, in Proceedings NAWTEC 13, American Soc. Mech Eng., Orlando FL, 2005.
- N.J. Themelis, Emissions from WTE and coal-fired power plants in the US, Waste Management World, July-August Issue, p. 119-127, 2005.
- Fthenakis V.M., Alsema E., and M.J. de Wild-Scholten, Life Cycle Assessment of Photovoltaics: Perceptions, Needs, and Challenges, 31st IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Orlando, Fl., Jan. 3-7, 2005.
- Fthenakis V.M., Life Cycle Impact Analysis of Cadmium in CdTe Photovoltaic Production, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 8, 303-334, 2004.